通过文献回顾,对常见的标准化护理术语NNN系统、国际护理实践分类系统、临床护理分类系统、奥马哈系统进行了概述,并对其临床应用现状进行了总结分析。标准化护理术语在临床应用过程中对指导临床实践、改善护理敏感指标结局、规范护理记录、利于成本核算和信息交流等具有重要价值。护理信息化发展水平不高、护理人员对标准化术语认知、应用情况欠佳是标准化护理术语在今后临床推广过程中仍面临的现实问题,对此提出了建立专业组织机构、专项研究经费;集中专业人才、跨学科合作;结合我国国情,利用现有资源设计并推广标准化护理术语等针对性建议,以期为标准化护理术语如何更好的指导临床护理实践提供借鉴。

Objective To find countermeasures and relevant preventive measures to reduced nursing adverse events. Methods 124 cases of nursing adverse events were analyzed from causes, types, population, time and so on. Results Young nurses working within 5 years was high-risk population of adverse events. Nursing adverse events often occurred on drug treatment especially the drug injection. The main causes of adverse events was not implementing the check system. The time period of nursing adverse events was mainly in the working day. Conclusion Enhancing the comprehensive quality and the level of safety awareness of nursing staff, strengthening the relevant training and education, reforming nursing scheduling, developing detailed clinical nursing operation process, standardizing nursing behavior criterionto are security of reducing and avoiding nursing adverse events in nursing work.

本文重点介绍了怀旧疗法及其相关概念,阐述了怀旧疗法的基本原则与意义,总结了怀旧疗法在国内外的应用研究现状,旨在提高国内医护人员对怀旧疗法的认知,进一步推广怀旧疗法在临床的应用。

本文介绍了外科清创技术与理念的发展,叙述了机械性清创、自溶性清创、酶解清创、生物清创、电刀清创、水刀清创、超声清创等非手术和手术清创方法的特点及多种方法联合清创的优势, 为临床清创方法的选择提供参考。并在TIME原则和“3P”治疗的基础上提出了“4P”创面治疗理念,建议使用联合清创,以确保清创效果安全有效,减少操作风险和并发症,为创面愈合创造良好条件。

随着科技的飞速发展,现代化信息技术被引入到护理领域,使护理教学工作的信息化、现代化、科学化程度越来越高,实现了优质教学资源共享,促进了护理教育的快速发展。文章对智慧教育的内涵及在我国护理领域的应用进展进行综述,并提出相应建议和对策,对智慧教育在护理教育领域的应用前景进行展望,以期为相关研究的进一步开展提供借鉴和参考。

在回顾相关文献的基础上分析了我国护士分层次管理实施的现状、取得的效果,并提出护理管理者必须结合医院的实际,创造合理使用护理人力资源的环境,建立进阶培训制度,健全考评机制,完善分配制度,才能真正发挥人力资源的积极主动性。

Objective To analyze the research status and hot spots of artificial intelligence in nursing field abroad. Methods Based on PubMed database, nursing articles related to artificial intelligence were retrieved. The publishing year, journals were analyzed using the BICOMB 2.0 software. Clustering analysis was conducted using the SPSS 21.0 software to find out the hot spots. Results Totally 227 articles were included and 29 English high-frequency keywords were extracted. The cluster analysis showed that there were such 3 hot spots as nursing information construction and its influence on the nursing staff, application of nursing decision support system and development of specialist care based on robots. Conclusion Artificial intelligence is in the period of rapid development, especially in the construction of new nursing system, clinical nursing and home-based nursing. Much more attention was paid to its clinical application.

Objective To translate the standard Greene Climacteric Scale (GCS) and evaluate its reliability and validity. Methods Totally 230 female volunteers aged 40~60 were selected by using the convenience sampling. They were assessed by using the Chinese version of GCS (C-GCS) and MRS (Menopause Rating Scale). The internal consistency of C-GCS and its correlation with MRS were tested. One week later, 104 were chosen among the above volunteers and tested again by using C-GCS to test its test-retest reliability. The exploratory factor analysis was conducted to analyze the structural validity of all dimensions. Result The Cronbach＇s alpha coefficient for the C-GCS is 0.95, while its test-retest reliability is 0.94 (P<0.01). The average content validity index is 0.90. The Pearson's correlation coefficient of the C-GCS and MRS factors arranges between 0.35 and 0.77 (P<0.01).Conclusion It suggests that the Chinese version of the Standard Greene Climacteric Scale (GCS) has good reliability and validity, and can be used as early climacteric symptoms screening tool.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized by high infectivity, long incubation period and inconspicuous or asymptomatic clinical symptoms in some cases. The confirmation or exclusion of COVID-19 is highly dependent on laboratory testing of the patient's biological specimens. How to collect COVID-19 related specimens in a standard, efficient, correct and safe manner is very important to improve the accuracy of detection results and reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection. Therefore, this paper interprets the expert consensus on COVID-19 patients' specimen collection for reference by clinical nurses.

对58例恶性肿瘤患者在放化疗期间发生低钾、低钠的原因进行分析。提出低钾、低钠血症主要是由于肿瘤晚期患者营养缺乏、多药联合化疗、利尿剂的应用、呕吐等原因所致。护理时应加强病情观察,严密监测血电解质,早期发现低钾、低钠血症,对患者进行合理补液,并重视饮食护理及出入量记录,从而改善晚期肿瘤患者的生活质量,延长生存时间。

目的探索一种标准化的电话随访模式，运用于癌症疼痛患者的出院随访，促进癌症疼痛的规范化管理。方法通过文献回顾与现状调查制定随访流程，设计疼痛随访问卷，建立随访团队，将标准化的电话随访模式用于癌症疼痛患者的出院随访，并调查接受随访患者对随访的满意度。结果标准化的电话随访模式得以顺利开展，并通过对随访效果的调查分析，90%的患者对电话随访表示满意，并认为电话随访对疼痛用药及疼痛控制有帮助。结论用标准化电话随访模式规范电话随访的流程与内容，可以提高随访工作的有效性与科学性，提高患者对护理工作的满意度。

Conforming to the notice on launching the pilot project of internet plus nursing service and the pilot scheme, our hospital actively explored the application of internet plus nursing service to carry out continuous nursing . Through the establishment of internet plus nursing service platform, specialist teams, door-to-door nursing service projects, implementation plan, and making risk prevention measures in view of the internet plus nursing service problems. 20 cases of door-to-door service from March to April 2019, were successfully carried out. No medical disputes or accidents occurred. The satisfaction rate of patients was 100%.

随着社会的不断发展,癌症患者的数量逐年递增,2011年美国癌症协会(ACS)统计数据显示,2008年全球癌症新发病例数为1 270万,癌症死亡病例数为760万,其中发展中国家癌症新发病例和死亡病例分别占56%和64%。在我国恶性肿瘤是国内居民首要死亡原因,且病死率呈上升趋势,晚期恶性肿瘤患者医疗费用昂贵,生活质量差,为了避免医疗资源的浪费,减轻患者痛苦及其家庭的经济负担,使得临终关怀成为一种迫切需要。本文就开展临终关怀面临的伦理问题、开展临终关怀带来的现实意义及临终关怀在我国发展所面临的困境进行了综述。

Objective To investigate the training effects of care ability of nurses in pilot care wards. Methods Nurses in pilot care ward were given care ability training. 676 nurses in our hospital were surveyed. The caring capacity between the overall survey and foreign norm, and between the pilot care wards and non-pilot care wards were compared. Results In the dimensions of understanding and patience of nurses in this study was lower than that in foreign norm, while the dimension of courage was higher than that in foreign norm. Compared with the nurses in the non-pilot care wards, the nurses′ caring capacity in the pilot care wards was higher in the dimensions of understanding and courage, there was no significant difference in the dimension of patience. Conclusion Caring capacity of nurses in our hospital was low. Caring capacity training strategies can effectively improve nurses' caring capacity. The content and form of nurses′ caring capacity training strategies were needed to be perfected.

目的 探讨腹腔镜异位妊娠手术前后的护理要点,为临床护理提供参考依据。 方法 术前做好患者的心理护理、术前准备,术后做好导尿管及引流管护理、呼吸道护理、饮食护理、并发症的观察与护理及出院健康宣教。 结果 106例患者手术时间平均(62.76±5.36)min,术中出血量平均(7.60±2.15)ml, 平均住院天数(3.5±0.63)d,均无切口感染及持续宫外孕的发生。患者无术后并发症,均康复出院。结论 术前、术后细致的护理可缩短患者的住院时间,减轻患者痛苦,促进患者早日康复。

阐述手术室工作效率现状、影响因素及其提升策略和措施,包括改进手术室管理方法,优化手术室工作流程和人力资源管理,实施绩效管理和员工薪酬奖励机制,促进医、护、麻三方间的沟通与协作等,并总结现有研究存在的不足,为今后研究和应用奠定基础和提供参考。