Objective To explore the impact of symptom dynamic management on adverse reactions and life quality of patients with breast cancer undergoing radiotherapy. Methods A total of 76 patients with breast cancer and receiving radiotherapy after surgery in the Department of Radiation Oncology of Nantong Third People's Hospital between February 2023 and February 2024 were selected as the research subjects. They were randomly divided into a control group and a study group, each of 38, according to a random number table. The control group was given the conventional radiotherapy nursing, while the study group received the symptom dynamic management. After the intervention, the incidence of adverse reactions,emotional states and life quality were compared between the two groups. Results After the intervention, the incidence of adverse reactions and the score of emotional state of the study group were significantly lower than those of the control group (χ²=4.275,P=0.039; t=3.260, P=0.002), while the life quality was significantly better than the latter group( t=2.638, P=0.011). Conclusion The implementation of the symptom dynamic management model in patients with breast cancer undergoing radiotherapy can effectively reduce the incidence of adverse reactions, and improve the emotional state and life quality of patients.

Objective To explore the effect of a dietary decision-aid manual on decision conflict and nutritional status in elderly patients with colon cancer. Methods A total of 88 elderly colon cancer patients receiving chemotherapy at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from May to December 2024 were selected as the study subjects. Those 44 treated in the first 4 months were assigned to the control group, while the remaining 44 were chosen into the experimental group. Both groups received routine nutrition education, while the experimental group was additionally given a structured intervention based on the dietary decision-aid manual for elderly patients with colorectal cancer. Before and after the 4-month intervention, the decision conflict scale (DCS), their calf circumferences, and serum albumin levels of the two group were recorded. Results After the intervention, the DCS score in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group(Z=-6.782, P<0.001). Moreover, the calf circumference and serum albumin levels in the experimental group were higher that those in the control group (Z=-3.428, P=0.001; t=-3.124, P=0.002). Conclusion The dietary decision-aid manual can effectively reduce decision conflict and help improve nutritional status in elderly colon cancer patients during chemotherapy intervals, demonstrating value for clinical application and promotion.

Objective To investigate the current status of empowerment ability of the main caregivers of patients with intracranial tumors and analyze its influencing factors. Methods A total of 327 patients with intracranial tumors and their main caregivers admitted to the department of neurosurgery of Shenzhen Second People's Hospital between June 2022 and April 2025 were selected as the research subjects. They were surveyed using a general information questionnaire, the main caregivers' empowerment measurement, the Zarit burden interview, the general self-efficacy scale and the social support rating scale. Results The score of empowerment ability of the main caregivers of patients with intracranial tumors was (119.38±14.03) points. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that caregivers' gender and educational level, care burden, self-efficacy and social support were its influencing factors (R²=0.532, adjusted R²=0.523; F=44.931, P<0.001). Conclusion The empowerment ability of the main caregivers of patients with intracranial tumors is under the average. Medical staff should pay close attention to male caregivers with lower educational level, self-efficacy or social support, but with heavy care burden. They should take targeted measures to improve their care of patients.

Objective To explore the effect of comfort-oriented nursing on tolerance time of patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) undergoing the high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC). Methods A total of 80 AECOPD patients treated with HFNC in Hefei First People's Hospital between October 2023 and October 2024 were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, each of 40. The control group received conventional HFNC nursing,while the observation group underwent comfort-oriented nursing. Then, the HFNC tolerance time, comfort score, incidence of adverse events and treatment compliance were compared between the two groups. Results The HFNC tolerance time of the observation group was significantly longer than that of the control group(t=-10.407, P<0.001), and the comfort score and the treatment compliance were significantly better than the latter group (t=-10.607, P<0.001; t=-14.263, P<0.001). However, the incidence of nasopharyngeal dryness, nasal redness and restlessness were significantly lower than those of the control group(χ² =14.906, P<0.001; χ² =10.313, P<0.001; χ² =14.066, P<0.001). Conclusion Comfort- oriented nursing can prolong HFNC tolerance time, as well as improve comfort and treatment compliance of AECOPD patients.

Objective To explore the application of nursing intervention guided by the stress system theory in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods A total of 90 patients receiving laparoscopic cholecystectomy in our hospital between July 2024 and May 2025 were selected and divided into an intervention group and a control group according to the random number table method, with 45 cases in each group. Both groups received routine nursing, and the intervention group additionally received nursing intervention based on the stress system theory. The serum cortisol level, pain degree and postoperative recovery were compared between the two groups. Results The serum cortisol level after surgery and pain score at 6 h after surgery of the intervention group were significantly lower than those of the control group (t=4.188, P<0.001; t=5.998,P<0.001). Moreover, the time of first flatus, out-of-bed activity and first defecation in the intervention group were all significantly earlier than those of the control group (t=26.627, P<0.001; t=20.112, P<0.001; t=29.609, P<0.001). Conclusion Nursing intervention based on the stress system theory can effectively relieve the patients' physiological stress and pain, accelerate the rehabilitation process. Therefore, it is worthy of clinical promotion.

Standardized surgical position placement is an important prerequisite to ensure the needs of surgery and patient safety. In April 2024, the Chinese Research Hospital Association issued the association standard "Technical Specifications for Standard Surgical Positioning". This article provides a detailed interpretation of the process of formulating the group standard, its main contents, as well as suggestions for clinical application and promotion. The aim is to help medical staff in various levels and types of medical institutions better understand and implement it, providing a reference for enhancing the standardization and safety of surgical position placement.

Objective To develop a maintenance and management protocol for continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) equipment and evaluate its clinical implementation. Methods A maintenance and management protocol for CRRT equipment was established through evidence review and the Delphi method. The data from CRRT cases from the intensive care unit of the Third People's Hospital of Hubei Province in Wuhan between May 2023 and June 2025 were selected. Totally 130 of them treated between May 2023 and May 2024 were assigned to the control group, during which routine CRRT management was implemented, while another 130 done between June 2024 and June 2025 were assigned to the observation group, during which management was conducted according to the CRRT equipment maintenance and management protocol. Then, the incidence of equipment failure, rates of qualified performance parameters, compliance rates for battery duration in standby mode, rates of qualified equipment disinfection, catheter-related bloodstream infections and the waiting time for initiating CRRT were compared between the two groups. Results The final protocol consisted of 7 first-level indicators and 24 second-level ones. Moreover, the incidence of equipment failure in the CRRT devices in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (χ²= 18.226, P<0.001), while the rates of qualified performance parameters, compliance rates for battery duration in standby mode and the rates of qualified equipment disinfection in the observation group were significantly higher (χ²=6.870, P=0.009;χ²=17.752, P<0.001;χ²=25.356, P<0.001) compared to the control group. However, the waiting time for initiating CRRT in the observation group was significantly shorter than the latter group (t=30.416, P<0.001), with no significant difference between the two groups in the incidence of catheter-related bloodstream infections (P=1.000). Conclusion The established maintenance and management protocol for CRRT equipment is both scientific and practical, which enhances the safety and clinical application quality of CRRT devices and provides a reference for clinical CRRT management.

Objective To systematically analyze and evaluate the perceived obstacles by medical staff during the implementation of cardiac rehabilitation. Methods Articles on obstructive factors for the implementation of cardiac rehabilitation by medical staff were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data, and VIP Database, with the time setting from the inception to June 2025. The quality of the included literature was evaluated according to the qualitative research quality evaluation criteria of the JBI evidence-based health care centre in Australia, and Meta synthesis was performed using the aggregative integration method. Results A total of 8 articles were included, 49 topics were extracted, which were classified into 8 categories, and summarized into 3 results: system and organizational factors, professional practice factors, as well as patient and situational factors. Conclusion Medical staff face multiple obstacles in the implementation of cardiac rehabilitation. It requires the joint efforts of personnel from various aspects to provide support for medical staff, build regional cardiac rehabilitation centers, optimize the construction of cardiac rehabilitation teams, strengthen the clinical transformation of the best evidence, and enhance scientific popularization, so as to continuously improve the quality of cardiac rehabilitation.

Objective To summarize the relevant evidence of discharge follow-up of adult patients with type 2 diabetes, so as to provide evidence-based basis for future practice. Methods Researches on the treatment, management, health education and follow-up of adult patients with type 2 diabetes were searched in professional websites, as well as domestic and foreign databases, with the time setting from inception till December 31, 2024. The literature evaluation, evidence extraction and integration were conducted by two researchers independently. Results A total of 25 articles were included, consisting of 14 guidelines, 4 clinical decisions, 3 expert consensues, 2 systematic reviews, and 2 evidence summaries. A total of 23 evidences were summarized into 8 topics of follow-up team, follow-up method, follow-up time, glucose and lipid metabolism management, lifestyle management, drug management, prevention and management of complications, and psychosocial support. Conclusions The best evidence for the discharge follow-up of adult patients with type 2 diabetes can provide guidance for standardizing clinical follow-up work. When applying evidence, medical staff should combine specific clinical situations and individual needs of patients to promote the standardized management of type 2 diabetes patients outside the hospital.

Objective To explore the current situation of social integration among patients with breast cancer (BC) after modified radical mastectomy, and analyze its influencing factors. Methods Totally 328 BC patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy in Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital between July 2023 and June 2025 were selected, and surveyed using a general condition questionnaire, Berkman-Syme social network index, self-esteem scale, simplified coping style questionnaire and family APGAR index. Results The social integration score was (4.93±1.12) points. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that education, work status, breast reconstruction, self-esteem, negative coping and family care were the independent influencing factors of social integration in BC patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy(F=52.724,P<0.001;R²=0.521,adjusted R²=0.511). Conclusion The social integration of BC patients after modified radical mastectomy is at a low level. Special attention should be paid to the patients, especially those with low education, no employment and no breast reconstruction, so as to improve their self-esteem and family care, lower their negative coping level, and promote their social integration.

With the development of electroencephalogram (EEG) signal processing and EEG monitoring technologies, the assessment of sedation degree has gradually become more Objective and dynamic. This article reviews the types of EEG monitoring technologies, their application and challenges in the clinical practice, with the aim of providing a reference for future practice.