Objective To investigate the frailty status of elderly patients with diabetic retinopathy and analyze its influencing factors, so as to provide a reference for the early identification of high-risk groups as well as the delay or reduction of frailty occurrence. Methods A total of 204 elderly patients with diabetic retinopathy and admitted to Baoding First Central Hospital from January to May 2025 were selected as the research subjects. They were surveyed using the Tilburg frailty scale, the social support rating scale, the mini mental state examination, the geriatric depression scale-15, and the Pittsburgh sleep quality index. Results The incidence of frailty in elderly patients with diabetic retinopathy was 41.18%. Gender, age, marital status, sleep quality, depression, cognitive function and exercise status were the influencing factors. Conclusion Frailty is relatively common among elderly patients with diabetic retinopathy. Medical staff should pay more attention to this population to provide references for early identification, prevention and the formulation of individualized intervention plans.

Objective To evaluate factors influencing the e-Health literacy of diabetic patients. Methods Studies on e-Health literacy of diabetic patients were systematically searched in domestic and foreign databases with the time setting from inception till June 30, 2024. Literature screening and data extraction were conducted by two researchers independently, and literature quality was evaluated using the cross-sectional research evaluation tool of JBI evidence-based health care center in Australia. Results A total of 14 studies were included, covering 29 influencing factors. All the factors can be summarized into three aspects of demographic sociological factors, disease-related factors, as well as Internet use and training ones. The main influencing factors were occupation, education level, monthly income, age, place of residence and course of disease, followed by marital status, type of medical insurance, mode of living, complications, self-rated health status, sources of health information, frequency of network use, and usefulness of network health information, with controversial role of the gender factor. Conclusion There are differences in the level of e-Health literacy of diabetic patients. Nursing staff can optimize nursing measures according to the contribution degree of different influencing factors, so as to improve them.

Objective To explore the application effect of step walking training combined with ankle pump exercise in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Methods A total of 82 DPN patients admitted to the First People′s Hospital of Jiujiang between July 2023 and February 2025 were selected and randomly divided into a control group and an observation group, each of 41, according to a random number table. Both groups received conventional treatment for diabetes and ankle pump exercise intervention, while the observation group was additionally provided with step walking training. The degree of peripheral neuropathy, gait regulation ability and balance function were compared between the two groups. Results After the intervention, the peripheral neuropathy score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (t=14.927, P<0.001), and the numbers of people with abnormal whole-foot pressure change curves, abnormal whole-foot balance curves, and abnormal plantar pressure center trajectory curves were smaller than the latter (χ²=4.473, P=0.034;χ²=3.989, P=0.046; χ²=3.951, P=0.047). Moreover, the timing-standing test time of the former group was shorter than that of the control group (t=14.927, P<0.001), while the single-leg standing test time with eyes closed and the single-leg standing test time with eyes open were both longer than the latter(t=-11.096, P<0.001; t=-7.434, P<0.001). Conclusion The application of step walking training combined with ankle pump exercise in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy can reduce the degree of peripheral neuropathy in patients, relieve abnormal gait and improve balance function.

Objective To analyze the current situation, hotspots and trends of companion robots in geriatric care at home and abroad, so as to provide a reference for future research and practice in China. Methods Articles on companion robots in the field of elderly care were searched in CNKI and Web of Science core collection databases, with the time setting from January 1, 2018 to November 30, 2023. Then, the CiteSpace 6.1 software was used to visually analyze the literature. Results A total of 86 Chinese articles and 318 English articles were included. The researches in China mainly focused on mental health, aging and human-computer interaction, while foreign studies paid more attention to neuropsychiatric symptoms, prevalence and nursing home residents. Conclusion There are differences in the research of applying companion robots in the elderly care field at home and abroad. Overseas research in this field is earlier and gradually mature, while the research in China is still in the early stage of exploration. Therefore, in the future, the international cooperation should be strengthened to promote our research and practice in this field.

Objective To explore the application effect of discharge planning combined with structured education on young and middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods A total of 100 young and middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted to Zhucheng People′s Hospital between May and September 2024 were selected as the research subjects. They were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group using the random number table method. Both groups received conventional treatment and care, while the observation group was additionally implemented a discharge plan combined with structured educational intervention. After the intervention, the self-management abilities and blood glucose levels were compared between the two groups. Results After the intervention, the self-management ability score of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (t=-6.765, P<0.001), while the fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin were all significantly lower than the latter(t=2.989, P=0.004; t=2.945, P=0.004; t=3.059, P=0.003). Conclusion The application of discharge planning combined with structured education in young and middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes can improve the blood glucose control level of patients and enhance their self-management ability.

Objective To develop a risk prediction model for psychological distress in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, and to verify it. Methods By a convenience sampling method, 232 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis admitted to the tuberculosis department of the sixth people's hospital of Nantong City, Jiangsu Province between August 2023 and March 2024 were selected. They were divided into a modeling group (n=162) and a validation group(n=70) at a ratio of 7∶3. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore the risk factors of their psychological distress, and a risk prediction model was established. A nomogram was constructed for visual display, and the receiver operating characteristic(ROC) was used to test its predictive effect. Results The incidence of psychological distress was 42.67%. Logistic regression analysis showed that age, gender, course of tuberculosis, coexisting diabetes, coping style, educational level and per capita monthly income of the family were the influencing factors of psychological distress. The area under the ROC curve of the modeling group was 0.887, the sensitivity was 0.843, and the specificity was 0.801. The area under the ROC curve of the validation group was 0.831, the sensitivity was 0.874, and the specificity was 0.791. Both groups of Hosmer-Lemeshow tests showed P>0.05. Conclusion The prediction model constructed in this study has a good predictive effect and can help identify high-risk patients and provide timely intervention.

Objective To investigate the status of medication deviation in the hospital-home transition period of elderly patients with chronic diseases and analyze its influencing factors. Methods Totally 264 elderly patients hospitalized in the general department of the author′s hospital between November 2023 and April 2024 were selected and surveyed using a general condition questionnaire, minimum mental state examination, Morisky medication adherence scale and medication discrepancy assessment tool. Results During the hospital-home transition, the incidence of medication deviations among the elderly patients was 60.61%, with the main type of missing medications. Logistic regression analysis showed that the number of chronic diseases, medication compliance and cognitive function were the factors that affected the medication deviations. Conclusion The incidence of medication deviations is high in the hospital-family transition period of elderly patients with chronic diseases, and is influenced by cognitive function, medication compliance and the number of their chronic diseases. Therefore, medical staff should develop personalized out-of-hospital medication management measures to lower it.

Objective To construct an evaluation index system for evaluating the quality of venous thromboembolism care for critically ill patients, so as to provide reference for the future evaluation and improvement. Methods Based on the three-dimensional quality structure theory, the original indicator pool was established after literature review. Then an expert questionnaire was prepared after the initial indicators were drafted and discussed by the research team. Delphi method expert consultation was adopted to construct the evaluation index system for the quality of venous thrombosis care in critically ill patients. Results The system constructed contained 3 first-level indexes,6 second-level and 37 third-level indexes. The positive coefficients for the 2 rounds of expert consultation were 100% and 91.4%. Moreover, their coefficients of authority were 0.854 and 0.863, while those of Kendall′s coefficient of concordance were 0.213 and 0.235(P＜0.001 for both). Conclusion The index system established in this study is scientific and reliable, and can provide a reference for the evaluation and improvement of the nursing quality in venous thrombosis care for critically ill patients.

Objective To summarize the sexual life of patients after enterostomy, so as to provide references for clinical medical staff to implement intervention strategies. Methods Qualitative studies on the sexual life of patients after enterostomy were searched in such databases as PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Biology Medicine Disc, Wanfang and VIP. The quality of the articles were evaluated using JBI qualitative research quality evaluation criteria, while the results were integrated by the aggregative integration method. Results A total of 8 articles were included. They were grouped into 7 categories and integrated into 3 themes: positive and negative sexual experience, as well as lack of knowledge and information about sex. Conclusion Medical staff should pay attention to the psychological and social support of patients after enterostomy, improve the health education about sex after operation,and formulate targeted intervention strategies to improve their life quality.

This article summarizes the nursing experience of a patient with extremely preterm caused by uterine and bladder rupture due to invasive placenta accreta. The main points of nursing care include preoperative differential diagnosis and nursing, nursing for special medication, emergency treatment under multidisciplinary collaboration, postoperative support nursing, nursing for infection prevention and personalized psychological nursing. After multi-disciplinary collaborative treatment and meticulous care, the outcomes of both the mother and the baby were favorable.

Objective To explore the categories of psychological detachment among the main caregivers of patients with breast cancer after chemotherapy and analyze its influencing factors. Methods A convenience sampling method was used to select 220 main caregivers of patients with breast cancer and who were treated in Suzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University between December 2023 and June 2024 as the research subjects. They were surveyed using a general information questionnaire, the psychological detachment scale, the self-rating anxiety scale, the self-rating depression scale, Zarit caregiver burden scale, the social support rating scale, and the family adaptability and cohesion scale. Moreover, the latent profile analysis was used to explore the potential category characteristics of psychological detachment among the main caregivers, and multiple Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of different potential categories. Results The psychological detachment of the main caregivers of patients with breast cancer after chemotherapy can be divided into three potential categories: low detachment group (45.45%), medium detachment group (35.45%), and high detachment group (19.10%). The results of multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that total care duration, daily care time, care burden, and social support were the influencing factors of psychological detachment among the main caregivers. Conclusion There are obvious classification characteristics of psychological detachment among the main caregivers of patients with breast cancer after chemotherapy. Clinical nursing staff can take targeted intervention accordingly to improve their level of psychological detachment.

In recent years, research on pain management in pediatric orthopedic day surgery has made significant progress, including the application of multimodal analgesia strategies, optimization of local anesthesia techniques, and exploration of non-pharmacological therapies. These advances contribute to relieving postoperative pain, shortening hospital stays, and lowering complication rates of orthopedic pediatric patients, thereby enhancing their postoperative satisfaction and life quality. This article reviewed the current status of pediatric orthopedic day surgery, pain assessment, and strategies for preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative pain management, aiming to provide a reference for pain management.

Objective To explore the influence of the curriculum ideological and political education, on the attitude towards patients safety and professional ethics of undergraduate nursing interns. Methods Totally 204 intern nursing undergraduates at the affiliated hospital of Zunyi medical university between January 2022 and March 2024 were selected. Among them, 104 interning in the first 11 months of 2022 were selected into the control group, while the rest were chosen into the observation group. Both groups were given routine clinical training and safety education, while the observation group was additionally cultivated their such quality the course, ideological and political education. Their attitudes towards safety and professional ethics were compared, as well as the incidence of nursing adverse events. Results The scores of safety attitudes and professional ethics of the observation group were significantly higher than that of the control group(t=5.310, P<0.001), while the incidence of nursing adverse events was significantly lower than the latter (χ²=4.322, P=0.038). Conclusion Integrating curriculum ideology and political into clinical nursing internship teaching is beneficial for enhancing the safety attitudes and professional ethics of interns and lowering the incidence of nursing adverse events. It is conducive to building a practical education system.

Objective To analyze and clarify the conceptual connotation of spiritual care for cancer patients, so as to provide a theoretical reference for nursing research and practice. Methods Studies on spiritual care were systematically searched in China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, VIP, PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Psychological Information Database (PsycINFO), covering the period from database inception to February 2025. A total of 65 articles were included and analyzed using Rodgers′ evolutionary concept analysis framework. Results Spiritual care for cancer patients encompasses four core attributes: patient-centered care, identification and response to spiritual needs, meaning reconstruction and transcendental connection, as well as integrative and multidisciplinary collaboration. Its antecedents included heightened awareness and understanding of patients′ spiritual needs, reflection on the traditional biomedical model and the rise of the holistic care concept, as well as academic promotion of the spiritual care across multiple disciplines. Moreover, the consequences were reflected in the improvement of the overall life quality of patients and their family members. Conclusion Spiritual care is a patient-centered, integrative care model that aims to identify and address the profound spiritual needs arising from illness through multidisciplinary collaboration. It assists patients in reconstructing life meaning and establishing transcendent connections, ultimately achieving holistic well-being of body, mind, and spirit. Spiritual care is of significant importance in the nursing of cancer patients, as it not only helps healthcare professionals better understand and implement such care but also guides the development and optimization of interventions, thereby enhancing their life quality.

Objective To explore the therapeutic effect and application of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) potion pot in clinical nursing practice of patients with blood stasis syndrome lumbar disc herniation. Methods A total of 60 patients with blood stasis lumbar disc herniation admitted to the orthopedics department of the author′s hospital between February 2022 and May 2023 were selected, and divided into an observation group and a control group, each of 30, according to a random number table. Both groups received routine treatment and nursing, while the observation group was additionally provided with TCM potion pot treatment. Before and after 2-week treatment, the pain, lumbar function and efficacy were evaluated using the visual analogue score (VAS) and Japanese orthopaedic association (JOA) evaluation treatment score. Results The VAS score of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group(t=4.404, P<0.001), and the JOA score was significantly higher than that of the control group(t=3.599, P=0.001). Moreover, the efficacy of the former group was significantly better than the latter group(Z=3.383, P=0.001). Conclusion The TCM potion pot therapy has a significant effect on relieving pain and improving limb function in patients with blood stasis lumbar disc herniation, which is worth further promotion and application in clinical nursing practice.

E-health literacy was significantly associated with cancer patients' ability to obtain health information and use e-health technologies. This review provided an overview of the concept and connotation, assessment tools, influencing factors and intervention strategies of e-health literacy in cancer patients, and analyzed the challenges. The aim is to provide a reference for the early identification of cancer patients with low levels of e-health literacy and personalized interventions.

Objective To explore the effect of introducing hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) theory in the nursing care of hemodialysis patients with diabetic renal failure. Methods A total of 100 hemodialysis patients with diabetic renal failure admitted to Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from August 2020 to August 2023 were selected and randomly divided into two groups, with 50 patients in each group. The control group received routine nursing care, while the study group received nursing care incorporating HACCP theory at the basis of the control group. The self-perceived burden, renal function and incidence of dialysis-related complications were compared between the two groups. Results After the intervention, the self-perceived burden score in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group (t=5.178, P<0.001). Additionally, all renal function indicators in the study group were superior to those in the control group (all P<0.05). The incidence of dialysis-related complications in the study group was also significantly lower than that in the control group (χ²=5.741, P=0.017). Conclusion The introduction of HACCP theory in the nursing care for hemodialysis patients with diabetic renal failure can improve renal function, alleviate self-perceived burden and reduce dialysis-related complications.

Objective To explore the application effect of Fire Dragon Cupping therapy in patients with constipation after thoracolumbar fracture surgery based on the theory of teapot lifting and lid-lifting. Methods By using the convenience sampling method, 68 patients with constipation after thoracolumbar fracture surgery and admitted to the department of orthopedics of Shenzhen Hospital(Futian) of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine between June 2024 and February 2025 were selected as the research objects. They were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group, each of 34, according to a random number table. Both groups were given conventional treatment and postoperative care for thoracolumbar fractures, while the observation group was additionally treated with Fire Dragon Cupping therapy. The constipation symptom scores and life quality of the two groups were compared. Results After intervention, the constipation symptom score and the score of patient assessment of constipation quality of life questionnaire in the observation group were both significantly lower than those of the control group (t=8.194, P<0.001; t=9.143, P<0.001). Conclusion The therapy in this study can alleviate the related symptoms of constipation in patients and improve their life quality, it′s worthy of clinical promotion and application.

目的 探讨中药穴位贴敷联合改良面罩柠檬精油吸入在腹腔镜术后复苏期患者的临床应用效果。方法 选择于柳州市工人医院行腹腔镜手术的200例患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组与观察组,各100例。对照组术后复苏期采用常规护理,观察组在对照组的基础上增加中药穴位贴敷联合改良面罩柠檬精油吸入。比较两组复苏期恶心、呕吐、躁动发生情况以及血氧饱和度。结果 观察组恶心、呕吐程度轻于对照组(Z=-8.172,P<0.001),躁动评分低于对照组(t=28.191,P<0.001),躁动持续时间短于对照组(t=15.820,P<0.001)。两组复苏期间血氧饱和度比较,差异无统计学意义(t=1.422,P=0.157)。结论 将中药穴位贴敷联合改良面罩柠檬精油吸入应用于腹腔镜术后复苏期患者中,可以有效缓解术后患者的恶心、呕吐,改善其躁动情况,并且安全性良好,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To understand the current situation of kinesiophobia of elderly patients in medical and elderly care integrated hospitals and analyze its influencing factors, so as to build a nomogram prediction model. Methods A total of 283 elderly inpatients in Didongkou branch of the eighth people′s hospital of Nanning from January 2023 to April 2024 were selected by using convenience sampling. According to the enrollment time, the first 70% patients were set as the modeling group(n=198), while the rest 30% were chosen into the verification group(n=85). Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of kinesiophobia. According to the influencing factors, a nomogram prediction model was constructed, the predictive performance of prediction model was tested using the receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve. Results The incidence of exercise fear was 53.36% among the elderly patients. Age, number of chronic diseases, BMI, frequency of family visits, depression, activities of daily living, presence or absence of visual impairment, limb pain, frailty were included in the prediction model. In the modeling group, the area under the ROC curve was 0.976, the sensitivity was 0.933, the specificity was 0.903. In the verification group, the area under the ROC curve was 0.976, the sensitivity was 0.948, the specificity was 0.903. Moreover, the Hosmer-Lemeshow test results of both groups were more than 0.05. Conclusion The incidence of kinesiophobia is high among elderly patients in medical and elderly care integrated hospitals. The nomogram prediction model constructed in this study is of good differentiation and calibration with high net yield. Therefore, it is of good prediction efficiency and clinical applicability.