Chinese Clinical Nursing

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Nursing Leadership Forum

The application of artificial intelligence in the field of nursing and its challenges

WU Xinjuan

2026, 18(1): 1-4. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-3768.2026.01.001

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Review and Commentary

The development of global advanced nursing practice and its Chinese path

LI Mingzi

2026, 18(1): 5-7. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-3768.2026.01.002

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Special Planning

Development status and enlightenment of advanced practice nurses in palliative care abroad

ZHAO Yuhao, LI Hao, ZHANG Wei, LIU Mengyao, ZHOU Sijia, WEI Xiaojing, JING Mengjuan

2026, 18(1): 8-13. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-3768.2026.01.003

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Palliative care is a key approach to enhance the life quality of patients in the terminal stage, and advanced practice nurses play a vital role. This paper reviewed the concept, origin, training, and management of advanced practice nurses in palliative care abroad. It also analyzed its implications for developing China's advanced palliative care nursing workforce,aiming to provide reference for exploring and cultivating advanced practice nursing talent in palliative care in China.

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Special Planning

Exploration and application of advanced practice nurse training model through university-hospital collaboration

LI Lamei, SONG Ge, ZHANG Yaqin

2026, 18(1): 14-17. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-3768.2026.01.004

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To meet the demands of nursing specialization and address bottlenecks in the training of advanced practice nurses(APN),such as inconsistent standards and insufficient clinical practice,our hospital collaborated with the Peking University School of Nursing to develop and implement a "one-two-three-four" training model since 2023. This model is centered on core APN competencies, supported by a dual-mentorship system involving both academic and clinical experts, and delivered through three integrated curriculum modules and a four-stage clinical practice pathway (observation,co-management,independent management,and leadership). Thirty nurses underwent systematic training under this framework. Practice outcomes demonstrate that the model effectively enhanced participants′ clinical decision-making, specialized nursing, and research capabilities, while also improving departmental nursing quality and patient satisfaction. This article shares key practices and insights from implementing the model, aiming to provide a practical reference for peer hospitals engaged in APN training.

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Special Planning

Construction of a training program for advanced practice nurses in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

ZHAO Xing, SUN Shaoyang, GUO Caishan, YE Xuyang, LIU Meng, CHENG Haiyang, SUN Yongbo, HU Enhua

2026, 18(1): 18-23. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-3768.2026.01.005

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Objective To establish the training program for advanced specialist nurses of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation based on the Delphi method, so as to provide references for the training of ECMO advanced specialist nurses. Methods Based on literature review, as well as clinical practice experience and actual needs of ECMO senior specialist nurses, the first draft was finished. After revision through the Delphi method, and the final training program was established. Results The final scheme included 7 first-class indicators, 24 second-class and 79 third-class ones. It covered seven core modules of trainees, training objectives, training content, training implementation plan, assessment and evaluation, training resources, effect evaluation and continuous improvement mechanism. Conclusion The training program established in this study is scientific and practical clinically, which can standardize the training of ECMO advanced nurses. Moreover, it can enhance their core professional competencies and emergency response capabilities, provide a replicable practice reference for the standardization and systematization of ECMO nursing training in China.

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Specialized Nursing

Effects of the group standard-based intervention protocol on swallowing function in patients with post-stroke dysphagia

GAO Jiachen, MA Keke, YANG Caixia, GUO Yuanli

2026, 18(1): 24-28. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-3768.2026.01.006

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Objective To explore the impact of intervention programs based on group standards on the swallowing function of stroke survivors with dysphagia. Methods A total of 56 stroke survivors with dysphagia and admitted to the department of neurology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University in the first half of 2024 were selected. According to the order of admission 28 patients admitted between January and February 2024 were selected into the control group, while 28 ones admitted between May and June 2024 were chosen into the experimental group. The control group was given routine care for stroke, while the experimental group received the intervention plan formulated based on the group standard "Feeding Care for Patients with Dysphagia after Stroke" . The recovery of swallowing function and the degree of nurses′ mastery of safety care knowledge for dysphagia were compared between the two groups before and after the intervention. Results After the intervention, the swallowing function of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group(Z=-3.420, P=0.001), and the score of nurses′ mastery of safety care knowledge for dysphagia was significantly better than that before the implementation (t=-10.910, P<0.001). Conclusion The intervention program based on group standards can improve the swallowing function of stroke survivors with dysphagia and enhance nurses′ mastery of safe nursing knowledge for dysphagia.

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Specialized Nursing

Application effect of early rehabilitation nursing combined with demand card game in patients with traumatic brain injury

YANG Huanhuan, CHEN Li, LIN Ruiduan

2026, 18(1): 29-32. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-3768.2026.01.007

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Objective To explore the application effect of early rehabilitation nursing combined with the demand card game in patients with craniocerebral injury. Methods A total of 240 patients with traumatic brain injury and admitted to the department of neurosurgery of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University between November 2023 and November 2024 were selected as the research subjects. The patients were grouped according to their admission order. Among them, 120 patients admitted between November 2023 and May 2024 were set as the control group, while the rest were selected into the study group. Both groups received conventional care for craniocerebral injury, while the study group was additionally provided with the demand card game intervention. Then, the degree of nerve injury, psychological resilience and self-care ability were compared between the two groups. Results After the intervention, the score of nerve injury degree in the study group was significantly lower than that of the control group (t=16.769, P<0.001), while the scores of psychological resilience and self-care in daily life were significantly higher than the latter group (t=-19.847, P<0.001; t=-12.247, P<0.001). Conclusion The application of early rehabilitation nursing combined with demand card games in patients with craniocerebral injury can improve the neurological function of patients, enhance their psychological resilience and self-care ability in daily life.

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Specialized Nursing

The impact of nursing based on change theory on patients undergoing gastric cancer chemotherapy

ZHOU Yali, WU Yanli

2026, 18(1): 33-36. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-3768.2026.01.008

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Objective To explore the impact of nursing based on change theory on the patients undergoing gastric cancer chemotherapy. Methods A total of 103 patients undergoing gastric cancer chemotherapy between January 2022 and June 2024 were selected, and divided into a study group of 52 and a control group of 51, using a random number table. Both groups received routine nursing, while the study group was additionally provided with nursing intervention based on change theory. The incidence of complications after intervention, cancer fatigue symptoms, resilience of the two groups were compared. Results After 4-week intervention, the total incidence of complications in the study group was significantly lower than that of the control group(χ²=3.985,P=0.046). Moreover, the scores of the revised Piper fatigue scale(RPFS) in the study group were significantly lower than that of the control group (t=11.031,P<0.001 ). Meanwhile, the scores of Connor-Davidson resilience scale(CD-RISC) in the former group were significantly higher than the latter(t=-13.164,P<0.001 ). Conclusion Nursing based on change theory can reduce the occurrence of chemotherapy related complications among patients undergoing gastric cancer chemotherapy, alleviate their cancer fatigue, improve their psychological status.

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Specialized Nursing

The influence of rehabilitation management based on medical Internet of Things on patients with neurogenic bladder caused by spinal cord injury

ZHU Chunyan, WU Xia, XU Zhenmei, LI Jing

2026, 18(1): 37-41. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-3768.2026.01.009

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Objective To explore the application effect of a rehabilitation management program based on the medical Internet of Things in patients with neurogenic bladder caused by spinal cord injury. Methods By using the convenience sampling method, 60 neurogenic bladder patients caused by spinal cord injury and admitted to the rehabilitation ward of Tai′an Central Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University between January and July 2024 were selected as the research subjects. The patients were grouped by different wards. Thirty patients from the medical and elderly care area were set as the control group, and 30 from the main hospital were set as the experimental group. The control group adopted the conventional rehabilitation management plan, while the experimental group underwent the rehabilitation management plan based on the medical Internet of Things. The self-management and bladder functions of the two groups were compared after the intervention. Results After the intervention, the self-management score, as well as the bladder capacity and bladder compliance of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group (t=-16.925, P<0.001; t=-7.709, P<0.001; t=-7.721, P<0.001), while the residual urine volume was less than the latter (t=5.387, P<0.001). Conclusion Rehabilitation management based on the medical Internet of Things can enhance the self-management of neurogenic bladder patients with spinal cord injury and improve their bladder function.

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Nursing Education

Employment intentions for geriatric care of vocational college nursing students and influencing factors

WEI Wei, YAN Tingting, GUO Xiaojing, LIU Lingyu, WU Yi, WANG Ying, LI Mingzi

2026, 18(1): 42-45. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-3768.2026.01.010

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Objective To investigate the employment intentions of vocational college nursing students majoring in geriatric care and analyze the associated factors, with the aim of providing evidence for perfecting geriatric nursing system. Methods A convenience sampling method was used to recruit 435 nursing students majoring in geriatric care from four vocational colleges in Inner Mongolia autonomous region between January and February 2023. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire and the employment intention questionnaire for vocational college students majoring in geriatric nursing. Results A total of 64.83% of participants expressed willingness to engage in geriatric nursing-related work. Logistic regression analysis revealed that recognizing the importance of geriatric nursing, having confidence in performing geriatric care, and having an interest in geriatric nursing were factors influencing the intention to work in geriatric nursing positions. Conclusion Vocational college nursing students majoring in geriatric care generally had a high level of employment intention in their specialized field. However, there were still some nursing students majoring who hold a wait-and-see or negative attitude towards geriatric care positions. Vocational education should strengthen practice-oriented courses, integrate scenario simulation and smart elderly care technologies, and systematically enhance students′ professional identity and competence. Furthermore, policy-level improvements in career development pathways are needed to ensure a sustainable supply of geriatric nursing professionals.

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Nursing Management

The mediating effect of psychological capital between autonomous learning and career status of nurses

XU Lili, JIANG Yinfen, ZHANG Lina

2026, 18(1): 46-50. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-3768.2026.01.011

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Objective To explore the mediating effect of psychological capital between nurses′ autonomous learning ability and their career status. Methods A survey was conducted among 655 nurses from 3 grade-A tertiary hospitals in Suzhou City using the general information questionnaire, the self-regulated learning ability scale for nurses, the psychological capital questionnaire and the career status evaluation scale. Results The scores of nurses′ autonomous learning ability, their psychological capital score and career status score were (130.44±19.39), (95.23±12.77) and (86.11±11.46) points, respectively. Moreover, nurses′ psychological capital was positively correlated to their autonomous learning ability and career status (r=0.749, P<0.001; r=0.556, P<0.001). Meanwhile, autonomous learning ability was positively correlated with career status (r=0.566,P<0.001). Nurses′ psychological capital had a partial mediating effect between autonomous learning ability and career status, with a mediating effect value of 0.310, accounting for 51.3% of the total effect. Conclusion Nurses′ psychological capital plays a partial mediating role between their autonomous learning ability and career status. Therefore, medical management should focus on cultivating nurses′ autonomous learning ability and psychological adjustment ability, so as to promote the healthy development of their career.

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Literature research

Summary of best evidence for self-management among patients after metabolic bariatric surgery

ZHANG Yang, WANG Caixing, CUI Siyu, WEI Ling, LI Tiantian, LI Yanan, HAN Peiqi

2026, 18(1): 51-57. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-3768.2026.01.012

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Objective To systematically retrieve and synthesize evidence on self-management in patients after metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS). Methods The clinical guidelines, consensus, systematic reviews, best practices, and evidence summaries on self-management of MBS patients were retrieved from computer decision support systems, guideline repositories, comprehensive databases and professional society websites, with the time setting from inception till October 7, 2024. Two researchers evaluated the quality of the literature and extracted relevant evidence independently. Results A total of 16 articles were included, comprising 2 clinical decisions, 5 guidelines, 4 systematic reviews, 2 evidence summaries, and 3 expert consensuses. Thirty-one pieces of evidence were synthesized across six domains: multidisciplinary collaboration management, dietary and nutritional management, exercise and physical activity management, psychological management, health behavior management and follow-up management. Conclusion This study summarizes the best evidence on self-management of MBS patients for clinical practice, optimizing postoperative self-management strategies and promoting their long-term weight loss outcomes and life quality.

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Investigative Journalism

Reliability and validity of the death literacy index scale among nursing interns

ZENG Linghao, LIU Yan, FU Jiaxue, LI Yuanyuan, CHEN Yongyi

2026, 18(1): 58-61. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-3768.2026.01.013

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Objective To test the reliability and validity of the death literacy index(DLI) scale in the group of nursing interns in China. Methods By using the convenient sampling method, 799 nursing interns from Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hunan Cancer Hospital between October and December 2024 were selected as the research subjects. They were surveyed using the DLI, whose validity and reliability were tested using the classical measurement theory, and using the death coping ability scale as a criterion. Results The score of the DLI scale for nursing interns was (6.60±1.79) points, and the score of the DLI was significantly positively correlated with the score of death coping ability scale(r=0.541, P<0.001). The Cronbach′s α coefficient of the DLI scale was 0.963, the split reliability was 0.867, and the test-retest reliability was 0.709. Conclusion The DLI has good reliability and validity among nursing interns in China and can be used as an effective assessment tool for the death literacy level of nursing interns in China.

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Review

Research progress on gastric tube insertion and position verification in patients with post-stroke dysphagia

SUN Yang, JIANG Yongmei

2026, 18(1): 62-66. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-3768.2026.01.014

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Dysphagia is one of the common complications in patients after stroke, which can seriously affect their food intake and life quality. Gastric tube insertion, as an effective way of nutritional support, the safety of its insertion method and the accuracy of its position verification have significant clinical significance for patient safety. This article reviews the characteristics of post-stroke dysphagia, the methods of their gastric tube insertion, and the verification of insertion positions, aiming to provide references for the subsequent research and clinical application.

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nnovation and Experience

Design and application of a novel non-traumatic suction catheter

WANG Yujiao, FU Jingwei, CAO Ying, et al

2026, 18(1): 67-67. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-3768.2026.01.015

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