Impact and analysis of watershed precipitation and topography characteristics on model simulation results
LI Zhijia1, JIANG Tingting1, HUANG Pengnian1, LIU Zhiyu2, AN Dong1, YAO Cheng1, JU Xingshun3
1. College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China;
2. Bureau of Hydrology of Ministry of Water Resources, Beijing 100053, China;
3. Hydrology and Water Resources Survey Bureau of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 712000, China
Appropriate hydrological models for any given watersheds can be determined through the simulation performance of these models; however, well understanding the runoff generation characteristics of a given watershed can significantly reduce the workload to select the appropriate models from a large number of conceptual models for this watershed, also can solve the problem of hydrologically similar ungauged watersheds. In this study, we selected six conceptual hydrological models and applied them to three semi-humid and semi-arid watersheds to explore the relationships between model structures and watershed characteristics, and to analyze the impact of precipitation and topography on model simulation results. The results show that the topography and vegetation of watershed have important impacts on runoff generation and concentration. Due to the phenomenon of partial area runoff generation in such watersheds, the impact of river slope is greater than that of watershed average slope. The underlying surface conditions have a larger effect than precipitation conditions when the catchments have similar climate. Therefore, we can choose the appropriate hydrological models to get better predictions according to known runoff characteristics of catchments. Models with both saturation-excess and infiltration-excess mechanisms can be better used in the semi-humid and semi-arid catchments.
李致家, 姜婷婷, 黄鹏年, 刘志雨, 安冬, 姚成, 巨兴顺. 降雨和地形地貌对水文模型模拟结果的影响分析[J]. 水科学进展, 2015, 26(4): 473-480.
LI Zhijia, JIANG Tingting, HUANG Pengnian, LIU Zhiyu, AN Dong, YAO Cheng, JU Xingshun. Impact and analysis of watershed precipitation and topography characteristics on model simulation results. Advances in Water Science, 2015, 26(4): 473-480.
赵人俊. 流域水文模拟[M]. 北京: 水利电力出版社, 1984:131-140. (ZHAO Renjun. Hydrological modeling of catchment [M]. Beijing: Water Resources and Electric Power Press, 1984: 131-140.(in Chinese))
[2]
徐宗学, 程磊. 分布式水文模型研究与应用进展[J]. 水利学报, 2010, 41(9): 1010-1017. (XU Zongxue, CHENG Lei. The study and application progress of distributed models[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2010, 41(9): 1010-1017.(in Chinese))
[3]
刘金涛, 宋慧卿, 王爱花. 水文相似概念与理论发展探析[J]. 水科学进展, 2014, 25(2): 288-296.(LIU Jintao, SONG Huiqing, WANG Aihua. Advances in the theories of hydrological similarity: A discussion[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2014, 25(2): 288-296.(in Chinese))
[4]
CHIRICO G B, GRAYSON R B, QWSTERN A W. A downward approach to identifying the structure and parameters of a process-based model for a small experimental catchment [J]. Hydrological Processes, 2003, 17 (11): 2239-2258.
[5]
WOODS R, CLARK M, RUPP D, et al. Consistency between hydrological models and field observations: Linking processes at the hillslope scale to hydrological responses at the watershed scale[J]. Hydrological Processes, 2008, 23(2):311-319.
[6]
FENICIA F, KAVETSKI D, SAVENIJE H H G, et al. Catchment properties, function, and conceptual model representation: Is there a correspondence?[J]. Hydrological Processes, 2013, 28(4):2451-2467.
[7]
刘金平, 乐嘉祥. 萨克拉门托模型参数初值分析方法研究[J]. 水科学进展, 1996,7(3):252-259.(LIU Jinping, LE Jiaxiang. Study on the method of initial parameters estimate for Sacramento model[J]. Advances in Water Science, 1996,7 (3):252-259. (in Chinese))
[8]
向小华, 宋琪峰, 陈喜,等. 融合地形和土壤特征的流域蓄水容量模型[J]. 水科学进展, 2013, 24(5): 651-657. (XIANG Xiaohua, SONG Qifeng, CHEN Xi, et al. A storage capacity model integrating terrain and siol characeristics[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2013, 24(5): 651-657. (in Chinese))
[9]
芮孝芳,黄国如. 分布式水文模型的现状与未来[J]. 水利水电科技进展, 2004, 24(2): 55-58. (RUI Xiaofang, HUANG Guoru. Current situation of distributed hydrological model and its future development[J]. Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources, 2004, 24(2): 55-58. (in Chinese))
[10]
陈玉林, 韩家田. 半干旱地区洪水预报的若干问题[J]. 水科学进展, 2003, 14(5): 612-616. (CHEN Yulin, HAN Jiatian. Problems on flood forecasting in the semi-arid region[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2003, 14(5): 612-616. (in Chinese))
[11]
李致家,黄鹏年,姚成,等.灵活架构水文模型在不同产流区的应用[J].水科学进展, 2014, 25(1): 28-35. (LI Zhijia, HUANG Pengnian, YAO Cheng, et al. Application of flexible-structure hydrological models in different runoff generation regions [J]. Advances in Water Science, 2014, 25(1): 28-35. (in Chinese))
[12]
刘胤汉. 关于陕西省自然地带的划分[J]. 地理学报, 1980,35(3): 210-218. (LIU Yinhan. On natural zonation in the Shaanxi province[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 1980, 35(3): 210-218. (in Chinese))
[13]
PERRIN C, MICHEL C, ANDREASSIAN V. Does a large number of parameters enhance model performance? Comparative assessment of common catchment model structures on 429 catchments [J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2001(242): 275-301.
[14]
BARATI R. Parameter estimation of nonlinear Muskingum models using Nelder-Mead Simplex algorithm[J]. Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, 2011, 16(11):946-954.
[15]
水利部水文局. SL 250—2000 水情预报规范[S]. 北京: 水利水电出版社, 2000: 13-15. (Ministry of Water Resources Hydrology Bureau. SL 250—2000 Hydrological forecasting practices[S]. Beijing: China WaterPower Press, 2000: 13-15. (in Chinese))
[16]
MORIASI D N, ARNOLD J G, van LIEW M W, et al. Model evaluation guidelines for systematic quantification of accuracy in watershed simulations [J]. Transactions of the ASABE, 2007,50(3): 885-900.
[17]
SCHAEFLI B, GUPTA H V. Do Nash values have value? [J]. Hydrological Processes, 2007, 21(15): 2075-2080.
[18]
李妍敏, 安翼, 刘青泉. 植被分布对小流域产流影响的数值实验[J]. 水科学进展, 2015, 26(2): 187-195.(LI Yanmin, AN Yi, LIU Qingquan. Effects of the distribution of vegetation on small catchment runoff during rainstorm events[J].Advances in Water Science, 2015, 26(2): 187-195.(in Chinese))
2015, Vol. 26 
