The traditional methods on monitoring water and soil conservancy are mainly based on manual observation, which have such disadvantages as high space limitation, poor timeliness, high cost, regional restriction, and a lack of intuition. In view of this, based on the high-resolution remote sensing image and the monitoring model for regional water and soil conservancy, a monitoring method, which can be widely applied to the oil & gas exploration and development process, was proposed to dynamically monitor the conditions of water–soil conservancy and ecological environment within the surrounding areas. Taking two shale-gas development project areas of C & Z in Sichuan Province as the research objects, we adopted a comprehensive factor method of soil erosion, according to the data of land use, vegetation coverage, topography and high-resolution remote sensing image in the research area, to carry out large-scale and multiple time series soil erosion analysis and change monitoring there. The monitoring results from the two project areas show that compared with 2012, the soil erosion area in 2017 both decreased and the erosion intensity was mainly mild and moderate; but in the exploitation areas, the regional land use disturbance and soil erosion intensity increased, and soil erosion was getting serious mainly due to social and economic development and construction, and activities related to production and construction of oil and gas fields. On this basis, we suggest that in the initial development stage of two project areas, great importance should be attached to the prevention and control of soil erosion. The accuracy of the high-resolution remote sensing image is restricted by such factors as land use area, slope, vegetation coverage, image resolution, etc. The monitoring results of the two project areas show that the technical method has good practicability, which can provide an effective monitoring technical means for the water and soil loss caused by the oil and gas exploration and development process.